Bacillus subtilis impacts nutrient availability to enhance agricultural and environmental sustainability

Fertilizer wastage is the major reason for decreasing productivity, soil health, and increasing environmental pollution. Proper nutrient management practices like controlled release fertilizers and precise timing and placement, are essential for sustainable agriculture. Bioactive Bacillus subtiliscoated fertilizers (BSF) play an important role in plant nutrient availability and less nutrient loss due to controlled nutrient release. This study aimed to explore the potential of Bacillus subtilis in nutrient management for agricultural and environmental sustainability. Bacillus subtilis can produce protective endospores, and its role in bioremediation contributes to its effectiveness. It enhances plant growth, controls pathogens, and promotes sustainable practices. It aids in bioremediation by degrading organic pollutants. Future research aims to optimize these formulations for specific crops and environmental conditions. BSF can further reduce the environmental impact ensure sustainable nutrient delivery and understand beneficial impacts on soil health and sustainable agriculture.