Integrating Ayurveda into cardiovascular care: A contemporary review of recent clinical evidence and therapeutic potential

Background : Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of global mortality, accounting for an estimated 17.9 million deaths annually, with a disproportionately rising burden in low- and middle-income countries. Despite advances in conventional cardiology, challenges such as residual risk, treatment limitations, and adverse effects necessitate exploration of complementary therapeutic approaches. Ayurveda, a traditional system of medicine, offers a holistic and multi targeted framework for cardiovascular care. Objectives : This integrative review aims to critically evaluate recent clinical evidence (2020–2026) on the efficacy, safety, and therapeutic potential of Ayurvedic interventions in the management of cardiovascular diseases. Methods : A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major databases, and 26 high quality studies including randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews with meta-analyses, and clinical investigations were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria. Data were synthesized to assess clinical outcomes, safety profiles, and mechanisms of action. Results : Evidence indicates that Ayurvedic interventions, particularly herbal agents such as Terminalia arjuna, Rauwolfia serpentina (Sarpgandha), and Phyllanthus emblica, along with Panchakarma therapies and lifestyle modifications, demonstrate significant benefits in managing hypertension, coronary artery disease, and dyslipidemia. These interventions appear to exert cardioprotective effects through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering, and vasodilatory mechanisms. Integrative approaches combining Ayurveda with conventional therapies show enhanced therapeutic outcomes and improved quality of life. Conclusion : Ayurvedic interventions represent a promising adjunct in cardiovascular disease management. While current evidence supports their efficacy and safety, further large-scale, well designed clinical trials are required to strengthen the evidence base and facilitate integration into mainstream cardiovascular care