Uterine arteriovenous malformation, diagnosis and treatment: Case series

Introduction: Uterine arteriovenous malformations (UAVMs) are rare vascular anomalies causing abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), ranging from mild spotting to severe hemorrhage. Often acquired post-uterine trauma, UAVMs require prompt diagnosis and tailored treatment to prevent life-threatening complications. ABSTRACT Methodology Methods: This retrospective case series analyzes three patients diagnosed with UAVMs at Menzel Temim Hospital between 2023 and 2024. Diagnosis was confirmed using Doppler ultrasonography and computed tomography angiography (CTA), with treatments including hysteroscopic resection and uterine artery embolization (UAE). Results: All patients presented with persistent AUB. Doppler ultrasound revealed hypervascular lesions with turbulent flow, and CTA confirmed UAVM size and vascular supply. Treatments achieved bleeding resolution and uterine preservation, with follow-up showing no recurrence. Discussion: Early diagnosis with Doppler ultrasound and CTA differentiates UAVMs from other AUB causes. Minimally invasive treatments like hysteroscopic resection and UAE preserve fertility, offering alternatives to hysterectomy. Conclusion: UAVMs should be suspected in women with AUB post-uterine trauma. A multidisciplinary approach ensures optimal outcomes, with further research needed to standardize protocols.