TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized sonochemically: its electrochemical lead sensor and photocatalytic degradation of DG and F-OR dyes

Sonochemical synthesis of titanium oxide nanoparticles (TONPs) was done at a low cost. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) investigation has verified that the average TiO₂ crystallite size was 39.42 nm. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) by the Kubelka-Monk function was used to confirm the average energy gap of TiO₂ NPs (3.26 eV). TONPs have been successfully used with inventive photocatalysts to remove the dyes Direct green (DG) and Fast orange red (F-OR). Direct Green (DG) and Fast Orange Red (F-OR) dyes were used as conventional dyes to investigate the photocatalytic properties of NPs under UV light and sunlight irradiation. Fast orange-red dye is excited at 498.59 nm and 489.20 nm, while Direct green dye was discovered to be stimulated at 609.7 nm and 613.3 nm under UV and sunlight. Using carbon paste electrodes in 0.1N HCl solution, cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to examine the electrochemical characteristics of the produced sample. The TiO₂ electrode that was produced could detect lead in an acidic solution. The TiO₂ electrode is a promising electrode material for making sensor applications because of its higher electrochemical behavior.